1.4原理
1.4.1主(zhu)要(yao)結構(gou)組成(cheng)
鍔(e)式破碎斗(dou)的(de)結構主要有破碎斗(dou)本體、液壓(ya)馬達、偏心軸、慣性輪(lun)(lun)、上顎(e)振動部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)、側護板(ban)、上顎(e)頂(ding)(ding)板(ban)窩、頂(ding)(ding)板(ban)后座、鍔(e)板(ban)上拉螺(luo)桿、復位(wei)彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)、曲(qu)軸擺(bai)錘、固定顎(e)板(ban)與活(huo)動顎(e)板(ban)等組成,其中頂(ding)(ding)板(ban)還(huan)起到(dao)保險作用(yong),是(shi)重要的(de)設備(bei)保險零件(jian)。①:破碎斗(dou)本體 ②:上鍔(e)振動部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen) ③:液壓(ya)馬達 ④:上鍔(e)頂(ding)(ding)板(ban)窩 ⑤:鍔(e)板(ban)上拉螺(luo)桿部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen) ⑥:曲(qu)軸擺(bai)錘部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen) ⑦:復位(wei)彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen) ⑧:液壓(ya)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen) ⑨:慣性輪(lun)(lun)
1.4.2工(gong)作原(yuan)理:
該(gai)系列鍔式破碎(sui)斗的(de)破碎(sui)方式為曲動(dong)(dong)擠壓(ya)型(xing),液壓(ya)馬達(da)通(tong)過(guo)花鍵軸驅動(dong)(dong)偏(pian)心主軸,通(tong)過(guo)偏(pian)心軸使動(dong)(dong)顎(e)上(shang)下(xia)(xia)運(yun)動(dong)(dong),當(dang)(dang)動(dong)(dong)顎(e)上(shang)升時(shi),頂板(ban)和(he)動(dong)(dong)顎(e)間(jian)(jian)夾角(jiao)變(bian)(bian)大(da)(da),進料(liao)口的(de)楔型(xing)空間(jian)(jian)變(bian)(bian)大(da)(da),大(da)(da)塊物料(liao)在重力作用下(xia)(xia),向下(xia)(xia)運(yun)動(dong)(dong),當(dang)(dang)動(dong)(dong)顎(e)板(ban)向定鍔板(ban)接近時(shi),進料(liao)口的(de)楔型(xing)空間(jian)(jian)變(bian)(bian)小,物料(liao)被擠壓(ya)、搓、碾等(deng)多重破碎(sui);與此(ci)同時(shi)當(dang)(dang)動(dong)(dong)顎(e)下(xia)(xia)行(xing)時(shi),頂板(ban)和(he)動(dong)(dong)顎(e)間(jian)(jian)夾角(jiao)變(bian)(bian)小,動(dong)(dong)顎(e)板(ban)在拉桿、彈(dan)簧的(de)作用下(xia)(xia)離開定顎(e)板(ban),此(ci)時(shi)已破碎(sui)物料(liao)從破碎(sui)腔下(xia)(xia)口排出(chu),隨著液壓(ya)馬達(da)的(de)連續轉動(dong)(dong),破碎(sui)斗動(dong)(dong)顎(e)作周期性的(de)壓(ya)碎(sui)和(he)排料(liao)。
上(shang)(shang)顎(e)(e)(動(dong)(dong)顎(e)(e))直接懸掛在(zai)偏(pian)心軸(zhou)(zhou)上(shang)(shang),同時上(shang)(shang)顎(e)(e)后(hou)部(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)一(yi)塊連(lian)接板(ban)頂在(zai)機(ji)架上(shang)(shang)。受到偏(pian)向(xiang)軸(zhou)(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)直接驅動(dong)(dong)。上(shang)(shang)顎(e)(e)(動(dong)(dong)顎(e)(e))的(de)(de)(de)后(hou)部(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)一(yi)塊推力板(ban)支撐(cheng)在(zai)機(ji)架的(de)(de)(de)后(hou)壁上(shang)(shang)。當偏(pian)心軸(zhou)(zhou)轉動(dong)(dong)時,上(shang)(shang)顎(e)(e)一(yi)方(fang)面對下(xia)(xia)(xia)顎(e)(e)作往復擺動(dong)(dong),同時還順著定顎(e)(e)有(you)很大(da)程度的(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)。動(dong)(dong)顎(e)(e)上(shang)(shang)每一(yi)點的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)軌(gui)跡并不一(yi)樣,頂部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)受到偏(pian)心軸(zhou)(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)約束,運(yun)動(dong)(dong)軌(gui)跡接近于圓弧,在(zai)動(dong)(dong)顎(e)(e)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)間部(bu)(bu)分,運(yun)動(dong)(dong)軌(gui)跡為橢(tuo)圓曲(qu)線,愈靠(kao)(kao)近下(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)橢(tuo)圓愈偏(pian)長。這樣隨物料在(zai)重力作用(yong)(yong)下(xia)(xia)(xia)向(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)運(yun)動(dong)(dong),鍔(e)板(ban)間的(de)(de)(de)空間越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)小(xiao),破碎能力會越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)強。根據需要,大(da)塊混凝土物料或(huo)石料可以破碎成不同大(da)小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)顆粒,主要是依靠(kao)(kao)出料口(kou)上(shang)(shang)方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)調(diao)節裝(zhuang)置來(lai)調(diao)節出料口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)小(xiao), 2液壓部(bu)(bu)分
破碎斗采用(yong)(yong)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)驅(qu)動(dong),利用(yong)(yong)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)挖掘(jue)機提供的(de)(de)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)驅(qu)動(dong)馬(ma)(ma)達(da),馬(ma)(ma)達(da)通過花鍵軸驅(qu)動(dong)偏心主(zhu)軸,偏心主(zhu)軸帶(dai)動(dong)動(dong)鍔板破碎物料。液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)控制部分采用(yong)(yong)馬(ma)(ma)達(da)功(gong)能閥(fa)和調(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)閥(fa),馬(ma)(ma)達(da)功(gong)能閥(fa)和調(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)閥(fa)通過液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)集成塊安裝(zhuang)在一起,馬(ma)(ma)達(da)功(gong)能閥(fa)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong):控制進入(ru)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)馬(ma)(ma)達(da)的(de)(de)油(you)(you)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)在需要的(de)(de)范圍之內,同時平(ping)衡進油(you)(you)與回油(you)(you)的(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力,防止在液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)馬(ma)(ma)達(da)內形成空腔,損害液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)馬(ma)(ma)達(da)。調(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)閥(fa)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)是在回油(you)(you)路(lu)上產生(sheng)背壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya),在負載(zai)變化較大的(de)(de)情況(kuang)下,控制液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)馬(ma)(ma)達(da)的(de)(de)速(su)(su)度保持平(ping)穩。